William Francis Staten, of Jasper, Florida, registered a Patent for his "Compound for Curling and Frizzing the Hair" in 1873 (Patent #145,213). The formula contained 1 dram of alcohol, 1 dram of oil of ricini, 6 drops of oil of lavender, 5 drops of oil of lemon, 2 drops of oil of neroli, 1 drop of oil of rosemary, 1 drop of tincture of musk, and 5 grains of pulverized borate of soda.